JS Full-Stack Developer

Roadmap for becoming a JavaScript Full-Stack Developer from scratch, including React, Express, Nest.js, SQL, NoSQL, HTML, CSS, Tailwind CSS, and more, designed for the modern web development landscape.

JS Full-Stack Developer

156 Learning Modules

Structured Roadmap

Created 8/24/2025

Learning Modules

JS Full-Stack Developer: From Zero to Hero

This roadmap provides a very detailed, step-by-step guide for individuals aspiring to become proficient JavaScript Full-Stack Developers, starting from absolute scratch and covering modern technologies and best practices.

Phase 1: Foundational Knowledge

Build a strong understanding of the web, command line, version control, and the core languages of the web: HTML, CSS, and fundamental JavaScript.

Understanding How the Web Works

Understand the basic architecture and communication protocols that make the internet and websites function.

Client-Server Model

Learn the client-server model: how browsers (clients) request information from servers, and how servers respond with data to be displayed.

HTTP/HTTPS Basics

Understand HTTP/HTTPS protocols, including request methods (GET, POST, PUT, DELETE), response status codes (200, 404, 500), headers, and the importance of HTTPS for security.

DNS, Domains, and Hosting

Learn about the Domain Name System (DNS) for translating domain names to IP addresses, what domains are, and the basics of web hosting.

Introduction to Web Browsers

Get a basic understanding of how web browsers work, including their role in interpreting HTML, CSS, and JavaScript, and the concept of rendering engines and JavaScript engines.

Basic Terminal/CLI Usage

Become comfortable with using the command line interface (CLI) or terminal, an essential tool for developers.

Directory Navigation & Listing

Learn commands for navigating file systems (cd, ls/dir, pwd) and listing contents of directories.

File & Directory Manipulation

Learn commands for creating (mkdir, touch), deleting (rm, rmdir), copying (cp), and moving (mv) files and directories.

Running Commands & Scripts

Understand how to execute programs and scripts from the command line, a fundamental skill for running development tools and applications.

Git & Version Control

Master Git, the industry-standard version control system, for tracking changes to your code and collaborating with others.

What is Version Control?

Understand what version control is and why it's crucial for software development (tracking history, collaboration, branching).

Local Repository Basics

Learn core Git commands for local repository management: `git init`, `git add`, `git commit`, `git status`, `git log`, `git diff`.

Branching & Merging

Understand branching strategies (`git branch`, `git checkout`) for parallel development and merging changes back (`git merge`). Resolve basic merge conflicts.

Remote Repositories

Learn to work with remote repositories (e.g., GitHub, GitLab, Bitbucket) using `git clone`, `git push`, `git pull`, `git fetch`. Understand Pull/Merge Requests.

HTML (HyperText Markup Language)

Learn HyperText Markup Language (HTML), the standard markup language for creating web pages and web applications.

HTML Document Structure

Understand the fundamental structure of an HTML document: `<!DOCTYPE html>`, `<html>`, `<head>` (with `<meta>`, `<title>`, `<link>`), and `<body>` tags.

Basic Content Tags

Learn common HTML tags for content: headings (`<h1>`-`<h6>`), paragraphs (`<p>`), links (`<a>`), images (`<img>`), line breaks (`<br>`), horizontal rules (`<hr>`).

Lists and Tables

Understand how to create ordered (`<ol>`), unordered (`<ul>`), and definition (`<dl>`) lists, as well as basic HTML tables (`<table>`, `<tr>`, `<th>`, `<td>`).

Forms and Input Elements

Learn to create forms (`<form>`) with various input types (`text`, `password`, `checkbox`, `radio`, `submit`, `button`, `textarea`, `select`), labels (`<label>`), and fieldsets.

Semantic HTML Tags

Understand the importance of semantic HTML for structure and accessibility using tags like `<header>`, `<footer>`, `<nav>`, `<article>`, `<section>`, `<aside>`, `<main>`.

HTML Accessibility Basics (Intro)

Learn the basics of web accessibility (a11y), including the use of `alt` text for images and an introduction to ARIA roles and attributes for making web content more accessible to people with disabilities.

CSS (Cascading Style Sheets)

Learn Cascading Style Sheets (CSS) to style and lay out web pages, controlling the presentation, formatting, and appearance of HTML elements.

CSS Syntax & Selectors

Understand CSS syntax (rules, declarations) and how to use selectors (element, class, ID, attribute, pseudo-classes, pseudo-elements, combinators) to target HTML elements.

The CSS Box Model

Master the CSS Box Model: understanding content, padding, border, and margin, and how they affect element layout and sizing.

CSS Display Property

Learn the `display` property and its common values: `block`, `inline`, `inline-block`, `none`, and an introduction to `flex` and `grid` for layout.

CSS Positioning

Understand CSS positioning: `static`, `relative`, `absolute`, `fixed`, and `sticky`, and how they are used to control the placement of elements on a page.

Specificity & The Cascade

Learn about CSS specificity (how browsers decide which styles apply if multiple rules target the same element) and the cascade (the order in which styles are applied).

CSS Units & Colors

Understand different CSS units (`px`, `em`, `rem`, `%`, `vh`, `vw`) and color formats (`hex`, `rgb`, `rgba`, `hsl`, `hsla`, named colors).

CSS Typography

Learn how to control typography with CSS: `font-family`, `font-size`, `font-weight`, `font-style`, `line-height`, `text-align`, `text-decoration`, `letter-spacing`, etc.

CSS Variables (Custom Properties)

Understand and use CSS Custom Properties (Variables) for maintainable and reusable styles, defining values that can be used throughout your stylesheets.

CSS Flexbox

Master Flexbox for creating one-dimensional layouts, aligning items within a container, and distributing space effectively. Understand container and item properties.

CSS Grid

Learn CSS Grid for creating two-dimensional layouts, defining rows and columns, and placing items precisely within the grid structure. Understand container and item properties.

Responsive Design & Media Queries

Understand the principles of responsive web design and how to use CSS Media Queries to apply different styles based on screen size, orientation, and other device characteristics.

Branch: CSS Frameworks (Tailwind CSS Focus)

Explore modern CSS frameworks, with a focus on utility-first approaches like Tailwind CSS.

Tailwind CSS: Setup & Utility-First Concepts

Learn how to set up Tailwind CSS in a project and grasp its utility-first philosophy, where styles are applied directly in HTML using predefined classes.

Common Tailwind Utility Classes

Become familiar with common Tailwind utility classes for spacing (margin, padding), typography, colors, layout (flex, grid), borders, backgrounds, and effects.

Responsive Design & Customization with Tailwind

Learn how to implement responsive designs using Tailwind's breakpoint prefixes (sm, md, lg, xl) and customize the default theme via `tailwind.config.js` (colors, fonts, spacing).

Branch: CSS Preprocessors (Sass/SCSS - Optional)

Explore CSS preprocessors like Sass/SCSS for more advanced styling capabilities (Optional).

Sass/SCSS: Variables, Nesting, Partials

Learn the basics of Sass/SCSS syntax, including variables for reusable values, nesting selectors for cleaner CSS structure, and partials/imports for modularity.

Sass/SCSS: Mixins, Extends, Functions

Understand more advanced Sass features like mixins (reusable blocks of declarations), extends (inheriting styles), and basic functions for dynamic styling.

JavaScript Fundamentals

Master JavaScript, the programming language of the web, to add interactivity and dynamic behavior to websites.

JS Introduction, Syntax, Variables & Scope

Introduction to JavaScript: what it is, where it runs (browser, Node.js). Basic syntax: statements, comments. Variables: `var`, `let`, `const`, and scope (global, function, block).

JS Data Types & Operators

JavaScript data types: primitives (String, Number, Boolean, Null, Undefined, Symbol, BigInt) and Objects. Operators: arithmetic, assignment, comparison, logical, ternary. Type coercion basics.

JS Control Flow (If/Else, Switch) & Loops

Control flow statements: `if/else`, `switch`. Loops: `for`, `while`, `do...while`, `for...in`, `for...of` for iterating through data structures.

JS Functions (Declaration, Expression, Arrow)

Functions: declarations, expressions, arrow functions. Parameters, arguments, return values. Immediately Invoked Function Expressions (IIFE). Understanding function scope.

JS Objects (Literals, Properties, Methods)

Objects: literals, properties (accessing, adding, deleting), methods. Basic understanding of the `this` keyword within object methods.

JS Arrays & Common Methods

Arrays: creation, accessing elements. Common array methods: `push`, `pop`, `shift`, `unshift`, `slice`, `splice`, `indexOf`, `includes`, `forEach`, `map`, `filter`, `reduce`, `find`, `some`, `every`.

JS Error Handling, JSON, Browser Environment Intro

Error handling with `try...catch` blocks and `throw` statement. Working with JSON data: `JSON.parse()` and `JSON.stringify()`. Introduction to the browser environment: `window`, `document`, `console` objects.

Phase 2: Frontend Development

Build dynamic and interactive user interfaces for web applications using advanced JavaScript, DOM manipulation, browser APIs, and modern frameworks like React.

Advanced JavaScript

Dive deeper into JavaScript, focusing on modern ES6+ features, asynchronous programming, and core concepts like closures and prototypes.

ES6+ Features: Part 1

ES6+ Features: Template Literals, Destructuring (Objects & Arrays), Spread & Rest Operators, Default Parameters, Modules (import/export syntax).

ES6+ Features: Part 2 (Async)

ES6+ Features: Classes (syntax, inheritance). Asynchronous JavaScript: Callbacks (recap), Promises (`.then`, `.catch`, `.finally`, `Promise.all`), Async/Await for cleaner asynchronous code.

JS Closures & 'this' Keyword Deep Dive

Core Concepts: Closures and their practical uses. The `this` keyword in-depth (global, function, method, constructor, arrow function context).

JS Prototypes & Event Loop Concepts

Core Concepts: Prototypes and prototypal inheritance. Conceptual understanding of the Event Loop, Call Stack, and Message Queue for asynchronous operations.

DOM (Document Object Model) Manipulation

Learn to interact with and modify the HTML structure of a webpage dynamically using JavaScript.

Selecting & Traversing DOM Elements

Selecting elements from the DOM (`getElementById`, `getElementsByClassName`, `querySelectorAll`, etc.) and traversing the DOM tree (parentNode, childNodes, nextSibling).

Modifying DOM Elements

Modifying element content (`innerHTML`, `textContent`), attributes (`getAttribute`, `setAttribute`, `removeAttribute`), and styles (`element.style`). Creating, appending, and removing elements.

Event Handling in the DOM

Handling user interactions and browser events (`addEventListener`, `removeEventListener`). Understanding the event object, event bubbling, and event capturing.

Forms & Client-Side Validation

Working with HTML forms in JavaScript, accessing form data, and performing client-side validation before submitting data.

Browser APIs

Learn to utilize built-in browser functionalities to enhance web applications.

Fetch API / XMLHttpRequest

Making HTTP requests using the Fetch API (modern) and understanding the older XMLHttpRequest for context. Handling responses and errors.

LocalStorage, SessionStorage & Geolocation API

Storing data in the browser using LocalStorage and SessionStorage. Accessing the user's location with the Geolocation API (with user permission).

History API & WebSockets (Intro)

Manipulating browser history with the History API. Introduction to WebSockets for real-time bidirectional communication.

Responsive Design In-Depth Practice

Apply responsive design principles more deeply, focusing on creating fluid layouts and adaptive UIs that work across a wide range of devices using mobile-first strategies.

Build Tools & Package Managers

Learn about tools that help manage project dependencies, run scripts, and bundle code for production.

npm & yarn

Mastering npm (Node Package Manager) and yarn for managing project dependencies (installing, updating, removing packages) and running scripts defined in `package.json`.

Vite (Build Tool)

Learn Vite as a modern frontend build tool: setting up projects, understanding its fast development server, and building optimized assets for production.

Webpack Concepts (Optional Branch)

Understand the basic configuration concepts of Webpack (entry points, output, loaders, plugins) as it's a widely used bundler, even if primarily using Vite. (Optional deeper dive for legacy/complex projects).

React

Learn React, a popular JavaScript library for building user interfaces, focusing on its component-based architecture and declarative programming style.

React: Introduction, Setup, JSX

Introduction to React: core philosophy, Virtual DOM. Setting up a React project using Create React App (legacy) or Vite. Understanding JSX syntax and embedding JavaScript expressions.

React: Components, Props, State (useState)

Components: functional components as the primary approach. Understanding props for passing data down to child components. Managing component-local state with the `useState` hook.

React: Lifecycle & Side Effects (useEffect)

Understanding component lifecycle concepts and managing side effects (e.g., data fetching, subscriptions, manually changing the DOM) using the `useEffect` hook.

React: Conditional Rendering & Lists

Implementing conditional rendering to show/hide elements based on state or props. Rendering lists of data using `map()` and the importance of `key` props.

React: Forms & Event Handling

Handling forms in React: controlled components (state drives the form) and understanding uncontrolled components. Managing form submissions and input changes.

React Router

Learn client-side routing to create Single Page Applications (SPAs) with multiple views.

React Router: Basics & Navigation

Using React Router: `BrowserRouter`, `Routes`, `Route`, `Link`, and programmatic navigation with `useNavigate` hook for creating different 'pages' in your application.

React: State Management

Explore different approaches for managing application-wide state beyond simple component state.

React Context API

Learn to use React's built-in Context API (`createContext`, `useContext`, `Provider`) for sharing state between components without prop drilling.

Branch: Redux Basics

Learn Redux for more complex state management (Optional, or choose one major state library to focus on).

Redux: Core Concepts & React Integration

Understand Redux core concepts: Actions, Reducers, Store, Dispatch. Using `connect` HOC (older) or hooks like `useSelector` and `useDispatch` with React-Redux.

Branch: Zustand, Jotai, or Recoil (Alternatives)

Briefly explore simpler, modern alternatives to Redux like Zustand, Jotai, or Recoil for global state management. (Optional exploration).

React: Custom Hooks & API Calls

Creating custom hooks to encapsulate reusable stateful logic. Making API calls within React components, typically using `useEffect` and `useState` with Fetch or Axios.

React: Error Boundaries & Code Splitting

Implementing Error Boundaries to catch JavaScript errors in component trees. Understanding code splitting with `React.lazy` and `Suspense` for better performance.

React: Performance Intro & Basic Testing

Introduction to React performance optimization techniques: `React.memo` for preventing unnecessary re-renders of functional components, `useMemo` for memoizing expensive calculations, and `useCallback` for memoizing functions. Basic introduction to testing React components using Jest and React Testing Library.

React Component Libraries

Explore one or two popular React component libraries like Material UI, Ant Design, or Chakra UI to quickly build UIs with pre-styled components. Understand their usage and customization.

Phase 3: Backend Development

Develop the server-side logic of web applications, including APIs, database interactions, and authentication, primarily using Node.js and its ecosystem.

Node.js Fundamentals

Learn the fundamentals of Node.js, a JavaScript runtime environment that allows you to run JavaScript code outside of a web browser.

Node.js: Introduction & Core Concepts

What is Node.js? Understanding its event-driven, non-blocking I/O model which makes it efficient for building scalable network applications.

Node.js: Modules (CommonJS/ESM), FS, HTTP

Node.js module system (CommonJS `require`/`module.exports` and ES Modules `import`/`export`). Working with the built-in File System (`fs`) module and HTTP (`http`) module to create a basic server.

Node.js: NPM, Environment Variables, Async Programming

In-depth use of NPM (Node Package Manager): managing `package.json`, scripts, local and global dependencies. Handling environment variables (`.env` files, `process.env`). Mastering asynchronous programming patterns in Node.js (Callbacks, Promises, Async/Await).

Express.js

Learn Express.js, a minimal and flexible Node.js web application framework, to build robust APIs and web servers.

Express: Introduction, Setup, Routing

Introduction to Express.js. Setting up a basic Express application. Defining routes for different HTTP methods (GET, POST, PUT, DELETE).

Express: Middleware, Request & Response Objects

Understanding and using middleware (concept, custom middleware, third-party like `body-parser`, `morgan`, `cors`). Working with request (`req`) and response (`res`) objects (params, query, body, sending responses).

Express: Error Handling, Static Files, App Structure

Implementing error handling middleware in Express. Serving static files (HTML, CSS, images). Structuring an Express application using Routers, Controllers, and Services pattern.

APIs (Application Programming Interfaces)

Learn to design, build, and consume Application Programming Interfaces (APIs), primarily focusing on RESTful principles and an introduction to GraphQL.

RESTful API Design Principles

Understand RESTful API design principles: resources, URIs, standard HTTP methods for CRUD operations (Create, Read, Update, Delete), statelessness, and using appropriate HTTP status codes.

Building REST APIs with Express

Practice building REST APIs using Express.js, implementing CRUD operations for resources, and handling request data and responses.

100

API Versioning & GraphQL Introduction (Optional Branch)

Understand API versioning strategies. Introduction to GraphQL as an alternative to REST (Optional Branch).

101

GraphQL: Schema, Queries, Mutations

GraphQL Basics: Schema Definition Language (SDL) to define types, Queries for fetching data, Mutations for modifying data. Understanding Resolvers.

102

GraphQL: Server & Client Tools (e.g., Apollo - Optional Branch)

Brief exploration of GraphQL server (e.g., Apollo Server) and client (e.g., Apollo Client) libraries for building and consuming GraphQL APIs. (Optional Branch for practical implementation)

103

Authentication & Authorization

Learn how to secure your applications by implementing authentication (verifying identity) and authorization (granting permissions).

104

Core Concepts & Password Hashing

Understand core concepts: Authentication vs. Authorization. Securely storing passwords using hashing algorithms like bcrypt.

105

Session-Based & Token-Based (JWT) Authentication

Implement session-based authentication using cookies. Implement token-based authentication using JSON Web Tokens (JWTs) for stateless authentication.

106

OAuth 2.0, OpenID Connect & RBAC (Introduction)

Conceptual understanding of OAuth 2.0 and OpenID Connect for third-party authentication (e.g., 'Login with Google'). Introduction to Role-Based Access Control (RBAC) for managing user permissions.

107

Databases (SQL & NoSQL)

Learn to work with different types of databases to store and retrieve application data, covering both SQL (relational) and NoSQL (non-relational) options.

108

Branch: SQL Databases

Explore relational databases and the SQL language.

109

SQL: Introduction to Relational Databases

Introduction to relational database concepts (tables, rows, columns, relationships). Understanding SQL data types.

110

SQL: DDL & DML Basics

SQL Basics: Data Definition Language (DDL - `CREATE`, `ALTER`, `DROP TABLE`) and Data Manipulation Language (DML - `INSERT`, `SELECT`, `UPDATE`, `DELETE`).

111

SQL: Filtering, Sorting, Joins

SQL Querying: Filtering data with `WHERE` clause, sorting with `ORDER BY`, and combining data from multiple tables using `JOIN` (INNER, LEFT, RIGHT, FULL).

112

SQL: Aggregation, Grouping, Subqueries

SQL Advanced Querying: Aggregate functions (`COUNT`, `SUM`, `AVG`), grouping data with `GROUP BY` and `HAVING`, and using subqueries.

113

SQL: Indexes & Transactions (Introduction)

Basic understanding of database indexes for performance. Conceptual understanding of transactions and ACID properties (Atomicity, Consistency, Isolation, Durability).

114

SQL: Database Choice & Setup (PostgreSQL/MySQL)

Choosing a specific SQL database to focus on, such as PostgreSQL or MySQL. Setting up and connecting to the chosen database.

115

SQL: Database Design & Normalization

Learn relational database design principles, including normalization (1NF, 2NF, 3NF concepts) to reduce redundancy and improve data integrity. Defining primary keys, foreign keys, and relationships.

116

SQL: ORMs (Object-Relational Mappers)

Learn about Object-Relational Mappers (ORMs) to interact with SQL databases using JavaScript objects.

117

Branch: Sequelize ORM

Explore Sequelize as a popular ORM for Node.js. (Optional Branch)

118

Sequelize: Setup, Models, Migrations, Queries, Associations

Sequelize: Setup, defining models, running migrations, writing queries (finding, creating, updating, deleting records), and defining associations between models.

119

Branch: Prisma ORM

Explore Prisma as a modern ORM/database toolkit. (Alternative/Advanced Optional Branch)

120

Prisma: Schema, Client, Migrations, Queries

Prisma: Defining your database schema with Prisma Schema Language, generating Prisma Client, running database migrations, and performing type-safe database queries.

121

Branch: NoSQL Databases (MongoDB Focus)

Explore NoSQL databases, focusing on MongoDB as a popular document database.

122

NoSQL: Introduction & Types

Introduction to NoSQL database concepts and types (Document, Key-Value, etc.). Understanding the CAP theorem at a high level and when NoSQL might be preferred.

123

MongoDB: Core Concepts & CRUD Operations

MongoDB Basics: Understanding documents, collections, and databases. BSON data types. Performing CRUD (Create, Read, Update, Delete) operations using the MongoDB shell or Compass.

124

MongoDB: Querying, Indexes, Aggregation (Intro)

Querying in MongoDB: filtering, projections, sorting, limiting. Understanding indexes for performance. Basic introduction to the MongoDB Aggregation Framework.

125

Mongoose ODM

Learn Mongoose, an Object Data Mapper (ODM) for MongoDB in Node.js, to define schemas, models, perform CRUD operations, implement validation, and manage relationships (population).

126

Branch: Nest.js (Advanced Backend Framework)

Explore Nest.js, a progressive Node.js framework for building efficient, reliable, and scalable server-side applications with TypeScript. (Advanced/Alternative Backend Branch)

127

Nest.js: Introduction & Core Concepts

Introduction to Nest.js: philosophy, architecture. Core concepts: Modules for organizing code, Controllers for handling requests, Services for business logic, Providers and Dependency Injection.

128

Nest.js: Decorators, DI, Common Building Blocks

Working with Decorators for metadata. Understanding Dependency Injection. Using Pipes for data transformation/validation, Guards for authorization, Interceptors for aspect-oriented programming, and Filters for exception handling.

129

Nest.js: Database Integration, GraphQL, Microservices

Integrating Nest.js with databases (e.g., using TypeORM or Mongoose). Building GraphQL APIs with Nest.js. Introduction to microservices architecture with Nest.js.

130

Backend Testing

Learn how to test your backend applications to ensure reliability and correctness.

131

Backend Unit Testing (Jest, Mocha/Chai)

Unit Testing backend logic (services, utility functions) using frameworks like Jest or Mocha/Chai. Mocking dependencies.

132

Backend Integration & E2E Testing (Supertest)

Integration Testing for interactions between different parts of your backend (e.g., controllers and services, service and database). End-to-End (E2E) testing for API endpoints using tools like Supertest.

133

Test-Driven Development (TDD) Concepts

Understand the basic concepts and benefits of Test-Driven Development (TDD): writing tests before writing the actual code.

134

Phase 4: Full-Stack Integration & Deployment

Learn how to connect your frontend and backend applications and deploy them to live environments.

135

Connecting Frontend to Backend (CORS)

Understand and implement Cross-Origin Resource Sharing (CORS) to allow your frontend to make requests to your backend API if they are on different domains/ports.

136

Frontend API Integration & State Handling

Refine API call implementation from the frontend, managing loading states, error states, and displaying data effectively in your React components.

137

Deployment

Understand the process of preparing and deploying applications to production environments.

138

Production Builds & Environment Variables

Creating production builds for frontend (e.g., `npm run build` with Vite/CRA) and backend. Managing environment variables securely for different environments (development, staging, production).

139

Deployment Platforms (Frontend & Backend)

Explore various deployment platforms: Frontend (Vercel, Netlify, GitHub Pages), Backend (Heroku, Render, Fly.io), and Full-Stack options. Basic introduction to cloud platforms like AWS, GCP, Azure for hosting.

140

Database Deployment (Cloud Services)

Learn how to deploy and manage databases in the cloud using services like ElephantSQL (for PostgreSQL), MongoDB Atlas, or AWS RDS.

141

Branch: Docker & Containers (Introduction)

Introduction to Docker for containerizing applications, making them portable and consistent across environments. (Optional Branch)

142

Docker Fundamentals (Dockerfile, Compose)

Learn Dockerfile basics for defining application images. Understand Docker Compose for managing multi-container applications (e.g., backend + database). Briefly touch on deploying Dockerized apps.

143

Branch: CI/CD (Continuous Integration/Deployment - Introduction)

Introduction to CI/CD principles for automating the build, test, and deployment pipeline. (Optional Branch)

144

CI/CD with GitHub Actions / GitLab CI

Explore setting up basic CI/CD pipelines using tools like GitHub Actions or GitLab CI to automatically test and deploy code changes.

145

Phase 5: Additional Important Concepts

Cover other crucial topics for well-rounded full-stack development, including security, performance, developer tools, and soft skills.

146

Web Security Basics: Common Vulnerabilities

Gain a conceptual understanding of common web vulnerabilities like Cross-Site Scripting (XSS), Cross-Site Request Forgery (CSRF), and SQL Injection, and basic principles to mitigate them.

147

Web Security Basics: HTTPS, Validation, Data Protection

Reiterate the importance of HTTPS for secure communication. Emphasize input validation on both frontend and backend. Learn best practices for protecting sensitive data like API keys and user passwords.

148

Performance Optimization

Learn techniques to optimize the performance of your web applications for a better user experience.

149

Frontend Performance Optimization

Frontend performance: Code splitting, lazy loading of components/images, image optimization techniques (compression, formats like WebP), browser caching strategies, minimizing re-renders in React.

150

Backend Performance Optimization

Backend performance: Database query optimization (efficient queries, indexing), caching strategies at various levels (e.g., using Redis for session or data caching - introduction), and writing efficient server-side logic.

151

Developer Tools Proficiency

Become proficient with essential tools that aid in development, debugging, and testing.

152

Browser DevTools, IDEs, Linters & Formatters

Master browser developer tools (Elements, Console, Network, Sources, Application tabs for debugging). Utilize Linters (ESLint) and Formatters (Prettier) for code quality and consistency. Get comfortable with your IDE/Code Editor (VS Code recommended, with useful extensions).

153

API Testing Tools

Use API testing tools like Postman or Insomnia for designing, testing, and documenting APIs effectively.

154

Soft Skills & Continuous Learning

Develop essential soft skills and adopt a mindset of continuous learning, crucial for a successful career in software development.

155

Problem Solving & Communication

Re-emphasize and practice strong problem-solving skills. Develop clear technical and non-technical communication abilities (written and verbal).

156

Teamwork, Documentation & Staying Updated

Learn to work effectively in a team environment and collaborate using tools like Git. Understand the importance of reading and writing good documentation. Commit to staying updated with new technologies and best practices through blogs, courses, and communities.